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تأثير سطوح مختلف در تلفيق با كود زيستي بر عملكرد اسانس گياه دارويي بابونه آلماني راشرح دهید. - پرسش و پاسخ حم تأثير سطوح مختلف در تلفيق با كود زيستي بر عملكرد اسانس گياه دارويي بابونه آلماني راشرح دهید. تأثير سطوح مختلف كود فسفره در تلفيق با كود زيستي فسفاته بارور- 2 بر عملكرد، مقدار اسانس و درصد كامازولن گياه دارويي بابونه آلماني راشرح دهید.
تأثیر سطوح مختلف کود فسفره در تلفیق با کود زیستی فسفاته بارور- 2 بر عملکرد، مقدار اسانس و درصد کامازولن گیاه دارویی بابونه آلمانی راشرح دهید.
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻛﻮد ﺳﻮﭘﺮ ﻓﺴﻔﺎت ﺗﺮﻳﭙﻞ در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ Matricaria recutita ﺑﺮ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد و ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﮔﻴﺎه داروﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧﻪ آﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ 2- ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻮد زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﻓﺴﻔﺮه) ﺑﺎرور L. ( آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮرﻳﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﻜﺮار در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻛﺸﺎورزي داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺷﺎﻫﺪ اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ .در اﻳﻦ آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻓﻨﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ) زﻣﺎن ﻇﻬﻮر اوﻟﻴﻦ ﻏﻨﭽﻪ و ﮔﻞ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﻞ، وزن ﺗﺮ 1387 واﻗﻊ در ﺗﻬﺮان در ﺳﺎل ﮔﻞ (و ﻓﻴﺰﻳﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ) ﻣﻘﺪار اﺳﺎﻧﺲ، درﺻﺪ ﻛﺎﻣﺎزوﻟﻦ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ (ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ .ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺖ از آن داﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻛﻮد ﻓﺴﻔﺮه از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد) ﺗﻌﺪ ﮔﻞ اد ﮔﻞ و وزن ﺧﺸﻚ (ﻣﻌﻨﻲ 40 %وﺟﻮد دارد و ﻣﻴﺰان 1 اﺧﺘﻼف داري در ﺳﻄﺢ ﮔﺮم ﮔﻞ ﺧﺸﻚ در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد را در ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ 7/74 ﮔﻞ و 452/93 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻓﺴﻔﺮ در ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻮد زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻛﻮدي داﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﻠﻲ 0/53 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻓﺴﻔﺮ در ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻮد زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ 40 اﺳﺖ .ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﻟﻴﺘﺮ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ و ﮔﺮم ﮔﻞ ﺧﺸﻚ در واﺣﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ داراي ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد اﺳﺎﻧﺲ و درﺻﺪ 152/52 درﺻﺪ ﻛﺎﻣﺎزوﻟﻦ) ﻣﺎده ﻣﺆﺛﺮه (در 15/81 ﻛﺎﻣﺎزوﻟﻦ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺎ ﺑﺬرﻫﺎي ﺗﻠﻘﻴﺢ 80 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر ﻓﺴﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه 40 ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ در اﻳﻦ آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﻣﻲ 2- ﻛﻮد ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﻓﺴﻔﺮ ﺑﺎرور ﺷﻮد .
اﮔﺮﭼــﻪ اﺧﻴــﺮا در ﻣــﻮرد ﻛــﺎرﺑﺮد ﻛﻮدﻫــﺎي ﻓﺴــﻔﺮه و ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژﻧﻪ در ﮔﻴﺎﻫـﺎن داروﻳـﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘـﺎت درﺧـﻮر ﺗـﻮﺟﻬﻲ اﻣــﺎ در ﻣــﻮرد ﻛــﺎرﺑﺮد آﻧﻬــﺎ در ﺗﻠﻔﻴــﻖ ﺑــﺎ ، ﺻــﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘــﻪ ﻛﻮدﻫــﺎي آﻟــﻲ در ﮔﻴﺎﻫــﺎن داروﻳــﻲ و ﻣــﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ در آﻧﻬــﺎ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨــﻴﻦ در ﺑﺮرﺳــﻲ اﺛﺮﻫــﺎي اﻳــﻦ ﻛﻮدﻫــﺎ ﺑــﺮ روي ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ در ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن داروﻳﻲ) ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻛﺎﻣـﺎزوﻟﻦ در ﮔﻴﺎه داروﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧﻪ آﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ (ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲ رﺳﺪ ﺑﺎﻳـﺪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘـﺎت ﻴﺸﺘﺮي ﺻﻮرت ﮔﻴﺮد .ﻓﺴﻔﺮ ﻋﻨﺼﺮي اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑـﻪ وﻳـﮋه در ﺑﺨﺶ ﻫﺎي زاﻳﺸﻲ ﮔﻴﺎه ﺑﺴﻴﺎر داراي اﻫﻤﻴﺖ اﺳﺖ و ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﻬﻢ در ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧﻪ آﻟﻤـﺎﻧﻲ اﺳـﺖ و ﺑﺎﻳـﺪ ﻛﻤﺒـﻮد آن در Lopes, 1996) ﺧﺎك ﺑﺮاي ﻳﻚ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ رﻓﻊ ﺷﻮد ؛ ﭘﺮﻣﺼﺮف .(ﻳﻜﻲ از Franz, 1983 ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن داروﻳـﻲ در اروﭘﺎ، ﺧﺎورﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ، ﺷﻤﺎل اروﭘﺎ، اﺳﺘﺮاﻟﻴﺎ و اﻣﺮﻳﻜـﺎي ﺷـﻤﺎﻟﻲ ) ( اﺳــﺖ Matricaria recutita) ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧــﻪ آﻟﻤــﺎﻧﻲ ﺣــﺎﺟﻲ .ﻣﺼﺮف ﺳﺎﻟﻴﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧﻪ در ﺟﻬﺎن (1381 آﺧﻮﻧﺪي، ﺑـﻴﺶ از ﺗﻦ ﮔﻞ ﺧﺸﻚ ﺑﻮده ﻛﻪ 4000 ﺑﻴﺸـﺘﺮ آن را ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧـﻪ آﻟﻤـﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﺸــﻜﻴﻞ ﻣــﻲ .(ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧــﻪ در ﻣﻨــﺎﻃﻖ 1374 دﻫــﺪ) اﻣﻴــﺪﺑﻴﮕﻲ، ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻳﺮان ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت وﺣﺸﻲ و ﺧﻮدرو رﺷﺪ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ .در 1382 ﺳﺎل زراﻋﻲ ﻣﻨـﺎﻃﻖ ﻋﻤـﺪه ﻛﺸـﺖ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧـﻪ در اﻳـﺮان 68 اﺳﺘﺎن ﺷﻴﺮاز، ﻛﻬﮕﻴﻠﻮﻳﻪ و ﺑﻮﻳﺮاﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻄﺢ زﻳﺮ ﻛﺸﺖ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﮔﻞ ﺧﺸﻚ در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر 420 ﻫﻜﺘﺎر و ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺑـﻮد . از دﻻﻳﻞ ﻛﻤﺒـﻮد ﻋﻤﻠﻜـﺮد در ﮔﻴﺎﻫـﺎن داروﻳـﻲ در ،ﻛﺸـﻮر ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ ﻧﺒﻮد داﻧﺶ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ در ﺑﻌﻤﻞ آوري، ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻛﺎرﮔﺮي در ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺳﻨﺘﻲ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ اﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎت ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺰه اﺷـﺎره ﻛـﺮد .(ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧﻪ آﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ 1374 )اﻣﻴﺪﺑﻴﮕﻲ، زﻣـﺎﻧﻲ ﺻـﻮرت ﻣﻲ ﮔﻴﺮد ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰان اﺳﺎﻧﺲ را در ﮔﻴﺎه داﺷـﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷـﻴﻢ ﻛــﻪ اﻳــﻦ زﻣــﺎن ﺑــﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﺻــﺮ ﻏــﺬاﻳﻲ راﺑﻄــﻪ ﻣﺴــﺘﻘﻴﻢ دارد .( ﻛﻮد ﻓﺴﻔﺮه آﻟﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺎم Bernath, 2000 ؛Bernath, 1993) ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﻛﻮد زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﺣﺎوي دو ﻧﻮع 2- ﺗﺠﺎري ﺑﺎرور ﺑـﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﺣــﻞ ﻛﻨﻨــﺪه ﻓﺴــﻔﺎت از ﮔﻮﻧــﻪ ﻫــﺎي ﺑﺎﺳــﻴﻠﻮس ﻟﻨﺘــﻮس و ﺳﻮدوﻣﻮﻧﺎس ﭘﻮﺗﻴﺪا ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑـﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از دو ﺳﺎزوﻛﺎر ﺗﺮﺷﺢ اﺳﻴﺪﻫﺎي آﻟﻲ و اﺳﻴﺪ ﻓﺴﻔﺎﺗﺎز ﺑﺎﻋـﺚ ﺣـﻞ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻫﺎي ﻓﺴﻔﺮه ﻧﺎﻣﺤﻠﻮل و در ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺟـﺬب ﺷـﺪن آن ﺑﺮاي ﮔﻴﺎه ﻣـﻲ ﺷـﻮد) .(1386 ﻣﻠﺒـﻮﺑﻲ، اﻳـﻦ ﺑـﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﻫـﺎ و11 ﺗﺎ5 pH ﻗﺎدرﻧﺪ ﺷـﻮري %را 3/5 ﺗـﺎ ﺗﺤﻤـﻞ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨـﺪ . وﺟﻮد ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﺮاﻳﻄﻲ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺷﺪه ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻛـﻮد را ﺑﺘـﻮان در ﻃﻴﻒ وﺳﻴﻌﻲ از ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻜﺎر ﺑﺮد) .(1386 ﻣﻠﺒـﻮﺑﻲ، ﻣﻲ2- در ﺑﻴﺎن اﻫﻤﻴﺖ زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﻓﺴﻔﺮه ﺑﺎرور ﺗﻮان ﮔﻔـﺖ ﻛـﻪ 100 ﮔﺮم از اﻳﻦ ﻛﻮد ﻣﻌﺎدل 100 اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻛﻴﻠـﻮﮔﺮم ﻛـﻮد ﻓﺴﻔﺮه ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﺎراﻳﻲ دارد .ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ اﻳﻦ ﻛﻮد ﺑـﺎ اﻓـﺰاﻳﺶ ) دوام ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ (ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﻧﺮژي LAD ﺧﻮرﺷﻴﺪ و در ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻓﺘﻮﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ ﮔﻴﺎه ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد) ،ﻣﻠﺒـﻮﺑﻲ .ﻫــﺪف از اﻳــﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴــﻖ ﺑﺮرﺳــﻲ اﺛﺮﻫــﺎي ﺳــﻄﻮح (1386 ﻣﺨﺘﻠــﻒ ﻛﻮدﻫــﺎي ﻓﺴــﻔﺮه آﻟــﻲ و ﺷــﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ) ﺳــﻨﺘﺰي (و ﭼﮕــﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺗﻐﻴﻴــﺮات ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ در ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫــﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠــﻒ ﺑــﺮاي ﺣﺼﻮل ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد )ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔـﻞ در ﺑﻮﺗـﻪ، ﻣﻘـﺪار ﮔـﻞ ﺗـﺎزه و ﻣﻘﺪار اﺳﺎﻧﺲ و ،( ﺧﺸﻚ در ﻫﺮ ﮔﻴﺎه درﺻـﺪ ﻛﺎﻣـﺎزوﻟﻦ در اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧﻪ آﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ﻣﻮاد و روﺷﻬﺎ اﻳــﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴــﻖ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘــﻪ اي ﻧﻴﻤــﻪ ﺧﺸــﻚ ﺑــﺎ ﻣﻴــﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ 259 ﺑﺎرﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﻣﻴﻠـﻲ ﻣﺘـﺮ در ﺳـﺎل و ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﻴﻦ ﺑـﺎ دﻣـﺎي +40 -و ﺣﺪاﻛﺜﺮ 8 ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ درﺟـﻪ ﺳـﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﮔـﺮاد در ﺑﻬـﺎر در ﻣﺰرﻋــﻪ ،(1 ﺑــﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳــﻲ ﺧــﺎك) ﺟــﺪول 1387 ﺳــﺎل ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘــﺎﺗﻲ داﻧﺸــﻜﺪه ﻛﺸــﺎورزي داﻧﺸــﮕﺎه ﺷــﺎﻫﺪ ﺗﻬــﺮان ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮرﻳﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻠﻮك ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺳـﻪ ﺗﻜﺮار اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ .ﻛﻮد ﻓﺴﻔﺮه در ﺳﻪ 80 ،40 ،0) ﺳـﻄﺢ (ﺧــﺎﻟﺺ در ﻫﻜﺘــﺎر از ﻣﻨﺒــﻊ ﺳــﻮﭘﺮ P) ﻛﻴﻠــﻮﮔﺮم ﻓﺴــﻔﺮ ﻓﺴــﻔﺎت ﺗﺮﻳﭙــﻞ (ﺑــﻪ ﺻــﻮرت ﻧــﻮاري در ﻋﻤــﻖ ﭘــﻨﺞ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﺘﺮي ﻛﻤﻲ ﻗﺒﻞ از ﻛﺎﺷﺖ ﺑﻪ زﻣﻴﻦ داده ﺷﺪ . ﺳـﭙﺲ ﻛﻮد ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﻓﺴـﻔﺮه ﺑـﺎ ﻧـﺎم ﺗﺠـﺎري ﻓﺴـﻔﺮ 2-ﺑـﺎرور ﮔﺮم در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر (ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﻋﺖ 100 )ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﺼﺮف ﻗﺒـﻞ از ﻛﺸﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺬرﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧﻪ آﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﺮت ﻫﺎي ﺗﻌﻴـﻴﻦ ﺷـﺪه ﻣﺨﻠﻮط ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد در ﻋﻤﻖ ﻳﻚ ﺳـﺎﻧﺘﻲ ﻣﺘـﺮي ﺑـﻪ ﺻـﻮرت ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ در زﻣـﻴﻦ اﺻـﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﺷـﺘﻪ ﺷـﺪ) .(1386
ﻛﺮت ﻫﺎي ﺗﻠﻘﻴﺤﻲ ﺑـﺎ ﻋﻼﻣـﺖ(+) و ﻛـﺮت ﻫـﺎي ﺗﻠﻘـﻴﺢ ﻧﺸﺪه ﺑﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ) (- ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ دار ﮔﺮدﻳﺪﻧﺪ، ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﭘـﺲ از ﺗﺠﺰﻳــﻪ ﺧــﺎك و ﺑﺮرﺳــﻲ ﻛﻤﺒــﻮد ﻧﻴﺘــﺮوژن زﻣــﻴﻦ ﻣﺤــﻞ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم80 آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ، از ﻛﻮد ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻧﻴﺘـﺮوژن ﺧﺎﻟﺺ در ﻫﻜﺘـﺎر) از ﻣﻨﺒـﻊ اوره ( ﻛـﻪ ﻧﺼـﻒ در ﻫﻨﮕـﺎم ﻛﺎﺷﺖ و ﻧﺼﻒ دﻳﮕـﺮ دو ﻫﻔﺘـﻪ ﺑﻌـﺪ از ﻛﺎﺷـﺖ و ﺳـﺒﺰ ﺷﺪن ﮔﻴﺎه ﺑﻪ ﻛـﺮت ﻫـﺎ اﺿـﺎﻓﻪ ﻣـﻲ ﺷـﺪ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﻳـﺪ )Dufault .(در اﻳﻦ آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ از ﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ et al., 2003 ﻓﻨﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﮔﻴﺎه) زﻣﺎن اوﻟﻴﻦ ﻏﻨﭽﻪ دﻫﻲ و ﮔﻠﺪﻫﻲ، ﺗﻌـﺪاد ﮔﻞ و ارﺗﻔﺎع ﮔﻴﺎه (ﻳﺎدداﺷﺖ ﺑﺮداري و ﭘﺲ از ﺑـﺎز ﺷـﺪن ﻏﻨﭽﻪ ﻫﺎ و ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺪن ﮔﻞ ﻫﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ . ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ از ﮔﻞ ﻫﺎي ﭼﻴـﺪه ﺷـﺪه و اﺳـﺎﻧﺲ آﻧﻬـﺎ ، ﮔﻠﻬﺎ را ﺑﻼﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﭘﺲ از ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ در ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺑﺪون ﻧـﻮر و ﺧﺸﻚ، ﺧﺸﻚ ﻫﻮا ﻧﻤـﻮده ﺑـﻪ ﻃـﻮري ﻛـﻪ ﺧﺸـﻚ ﺷـﺪن ﮔﻞ ﻫﺎ در اﻳﻦ ﻣﺤـﻴﻂ ﺑـﺮاي ﻫـﺮ ﺑـﺎر ﮔـﻞ ﭼﻴﻨـﻲ در ﻫـﺮ ) ﺳﺎﻋﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮل اﻧﺠﺎﻣﻴﺪ 52 ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ .(1379 ،اﻣﻴـﺪﺑﻴﮕﻲ ﭘﺲ از ﺧﺸﻚ ﻛﺮدن ﮔﻞ ﻫـﺎ اﺳـﺎﻧﺲ ﮔﻴـﺮي از ﮔـﻞ ﻫـﺎي ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧﻪ آﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻠـﻮﻧﺠﺮ) دﺳـﺘﮕﺎه اﺳـﺎﻧﺲ ﮔﻴـﺮ (در آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﮔﺮوه زراﻋـﺖ داﻧﺸـﻜﺪه ﻛﺸـﺎورزي داﻧﺸـﮕﺎه ﺑﻪ، ﺷﺎﻫﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ ﺻﻮرﺗﻲ ﮔﺮم ﮔﻞ 50 ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺧﺸـﻚ از ﻫﺮ ﺗﻴﻤـﺎر را ﺑـﻪ ﻣـﺪت ﺳـﻪ ﺳـﺎﻋﺖ در داﺧـﻞ دﺳـﺘﮕﺎه اﺳــﺎﻧﺲ ﮔﻴــﺮي ﻗــﺮار داده و ﺑﻌــﺪ از آن اﺳــﺎﻧﺲ ﻫــﺎي اﺳﺘﺨﺮاﺟﻲ از ﮔﻞ ﻫﺎي ﮔﻴﺎه را در داﺧﻞ ﻇﺮوف ﺷﻴﺸﻪ اي ﺗﻴﺮه رﻳﺨﺘﻪ و ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ درﺻـﺪ ﻛﺎﻣـﺎزوﻟﻦ ﺑـﻪ دﺳـﺘﮕﺎه Stahi & Schild, 1981) اﺳﭙﻜﺘﺮوﻓﺘﻮﻣﺘﺮ Galal ؛ et al., (ﻣﻨﺘﻘــﻞ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪﻧــﺪ .ﺑــﺮاي اﻧــﺪازه 2000 ﮔﻴــﺮي ﻛﺎﻣــﺎزوﻟﻦ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﻫﺎي اﺳﺘﺨﺮاﺟﻲ اﺑﺘﺪا دﺳﺘﮕﺎه ﻛﺎﻟﻴﺒﺮه ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ ﺑﻌـﺪ ، از ﻣﺤﻠﻮل دي ﻛﻠﺮوﻣﺘﺎن ﺑﺮاي ﻛﺎﻟﻴﺒﺮاﺳـﻴﻮن اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده ﺷـﺪ . در اداﻣــﻪ ﻣﺤﻠــﻮل اﺳــﺎﻧﺲ و دي ﻛﻠﺮوﻣﺘــﺎن را ﺑــﻪ ﺣﺠــﻢ ﻣﻴﻠﻲ 10 ﻟﻴﺘﺮ رﺳﺎﻧﻴﺪه و ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑـﻪ داﺧـﻞ دﺳـﺘﮕﺎه اﻧﺘﻘـﺎل داده ﺷــﺪﻧﺪ .ﻃــﻮل ﻣــﻮج ارﺳــﺎﻟﻲ دﺳــﺘﮕﺎه را در ﺣــﺪود ( ﻧﺎﻧﻮﻣﺘﺮ) ﻃﻮل ﻣﻮج ﺟﺬﺑﻲ ﻛﺎﻣﺎزوﻟﻦ 603 ﺗﻨﻈـﻴﻢ و ﭘـﺲ از ﺧﻮاﻧﺪن اﻋﺪاد ﺑﺪﺳـﺖ آﻣـﺪه ﺑـﺎ اﺳـﺘﻔﺎده از ،1 راﺑﻄـﻪ درﺻﺪ ﻛﺎﻣﺎزوﻟﻦ در ﻫﺮ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ . ﻫﻤﭽﻨـﻴﻦ داده وارد ﺷــﺪه و Excel 2003 ﻫــﺎي ﺑﺪﺳــﺖ آﻣــﺪه در ﺑﻪ وﺳﻴﻠﻪ SAS ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣـﻪ ﺗﺠﺰﻳـﻪ و ﺗﺤﻠﻴـﻞ آﻣـﺎري ﺷـﺪﻧﺪ . ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ آزﻣﻮن داﻧﻜﻦ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪﻧﺪ
ﺠﺰﻳﻪ وارﻳﺎﻧﺲ داده ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ (و 2- ﻓﺴﻔﺮ در ﺣﻀﻮر ﻛﻮد ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﻓﺴﻔﺮه) ﺑﺎرور ، ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺮ روي ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد) وزن ﺗﺮ ﮔﻞ، وزن ﺧﺸﻚ ﮔﻞ ﻣﻘﺪار اﺳﺎﻧﺲ و درﺻﺪ ﻛﺎﻣﺎزوﻟﻦ در اﺳﺎﻧﺲ (ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧﻪ آﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ %ﻣﻌﻨﻲ 1 در ﺳﻄﺢ دار ﺷﺪه وﻟﻲ در ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ، اﺳﺖ ﺑﺮاي زﻣﺎن ﻇﻬﻮر اوﻟﻴﻦ ﻏﻨﭽﻪ و زﻣﺎن ﻇﻬﻮر اوﻟﻴﻦ ﮔﻞ اﺧﺘﻼﻓﻲ در ﺳﻄﻮح ﻛﻮدي دﻳﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ، ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ) ﺳﻄﺢ اول ﻛﻮد ﻓﺴﻔﺮه، ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﻋﺪم ﺗﻠﻘﻴﺢ (ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ P0 ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد را ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي دﻳﮕﺮ داﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ . ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻫﺎ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي زﻣﺎن ﻇﻬﻮر اوﻟﻴﻦ ﻏﻨﭽﻪ و ﮔﻞ روﻧﺪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻲ در ﺑﻴﻦ ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪ وﻟﻲ در ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ دﻳﮕﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت اﻧﺪازه ،ﻧﮕﺮدﻳﺪ ﮔﻴﺮي ﺷﺪه ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ P ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ و 0P ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ، ) ﺳﻄﺢ دوم ﻛﻮد ﻓﺴﻔﺮه 1+ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﺗﻠﻘﻴﺢ (ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . زﻣﺎن ﻇﻬﻮر اوﻟﻴﻦ ﻏﻨﭽﻪ و ﮔﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻃﻼﻋﺎت ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه در ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي روﻧﺪ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻲ ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻦ دو ﺻﻔﺖ وﺟﻮد ﻧﺪارد ،ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري ً ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎ در ﻳﻚ زﻣﺎن ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﺎ ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﻪ زﻣﺎن ﮔﻠﺪﻫﻲ رﺳﻴﺪﻧﺪ؛ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲ رﺳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ P – ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺟﺰ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ داراي ﺳﻄﻮح ﻛﻮدي ﻓﺴﻔﺮه 0 ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ در دﺳﺘﺮس ﺑﻮدن ﻓﺴﻔﺮ ﭼﻪ ﺑﻪ ،ﺑﻮده ﺻﻮرت ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ و ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت آﻟﻲ ﺑﺮاي آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﺧﺘﻼف اﻧﺪك و ﻏﻴﺮﻣﻌﻨﻲ دار ﺷﺪن اﻳﻦ دو ﺻﻔﺖ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه ، اﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري ﻛﻪ ﻧﻤﻲ ﺗﻮان اﻃﻼع ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻲ از اﻳﻦ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ آﻧﻬﺎ .(3 ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آورد) ﺟﺪول ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﻞ در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺖ از آن دارد ﻛﻪ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻛﻮدي در ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ %ﻣﻌﻨﻲ 1 ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﻞ در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ دار ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ و P ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﻞ در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي P و 1+ 2- ﺑﻪ ﮔﻞ در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ 1270/50 و 1295/23 ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮﺗﺮ و ﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎ در ﺳﻄﻮح دﻳﮕﺮ P ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ و ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮔﻞ446/2 ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ 0در ﻫﺮ ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داده .(3 اﺳﺖ) ﺟﺪول ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮔﻞ دﻫﻨﺪه در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ اﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ در اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻛﻮد ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژﻧﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ از آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺧﺎك ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ در ﺗﻤﺎم ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﺮت ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﻴﺘﺮوزن 80 ﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺧﺎﻟﺺ در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر را درﻳﺎﻓﺖ ﻧﻤﻮدﻧﺪ و ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﻔﺎوت در ﻣﻘﺪار و ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﺗﻠﻘﻴﺢ ، ﻧﻮع ﻓﺴﻔﺮ ﻣﻮرد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده در ﮔﻴﺎه ﺑﻮد ﺷﺪه ﺑﺎ ﻛﻮد ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻛﻠﺮوﻓﻴﻞ و ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻓﺘﻮﺳﻨﺘﺰي ﺑﻬﺘﺮ و ﻛﺎرآﻣﺪﺗﺮ، ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﻚ را ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻛﺮده و ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮔﻞ دﻫﻨﺪه را در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داده ﺑﻪ ، اﻧﺪ ﻃﻮري P ﻛﻪ ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي P و 2+ 1+ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﮔﻞ 25/01 و 25/30 ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ دﻫﻨﺪه در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ و در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ و ﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺳﻄﻮح ﺑﻪ، ﺑﻌﺪي را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص داده ﻃﻮري P ﻛﻪ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ 0- ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﮔﻞ 15/14 ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ دﻫﻨﺪه در ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ .(3 اﺳﺖ) ﺟﺪول وزن ﺗﺮ و وزن ﺧﺸﻚ ﮔﻞ در واﺣﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ داد ﻧﺸﺎن ﻛﻪ ﻣﻘﺪار وزن ﺗﺮ و وزن ﺧﺸﻚ ﮔﻞ در %ﻣﻌﻨﻲ 1 ﺳﻄﺢ دار ﻣﻲ P ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺗﻴﻤﺎر 1129/56 ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ 1+ ﮔﺮم وزن ﺧﺸﻚ در ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ 152/52 ﮔﺮم ﮔﻞ ﺗﺮ و P ﻗﺮار داﺷﺘﻪ و ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﮔﺮم ﮔﻞ ﺗﺮ 858/26 ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ 0 ﮔﺮم وزن ﺧﺸﻚ ﮔﻞ در ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ 70/78 و ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ .در اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮﻳﻬﺎي اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪه در ﻣﻮرد ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﻞ در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ و در واﺣﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮔﻞ P دﻫﻨﺪه در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر داراي ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار 1+ ﺑﻮده .(3 اﺳﺖ) ﺟﺪول ﻣﻘﺪار اﺳﺎﻧﺲ در واﺣﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ در ﻣﻘـﺪار اﺳـﺎﻧﺲ در واﺣـﺪ ﺳـﻄﺢ %وﺟﻮد دارد .ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ 1 اﺧﺘﻼف در ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻘـﺪار اﺳـﺎﻧﺲ در واﺣﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ P ﺗﻴﻤـﺎر 1+ ﺑـﺎ 0/53 ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪ ﮔـﺮم ﮔﺮم ﮔﻞ ﺧﺸﻚ ﻣﻲ 50 اﺳﺎﻧﺲ در ﻫﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪﻛﻪ در ﺑـﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ و ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑـﻪ P ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ 0/35 ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ 0 50 ﮔﺮم اﺳﺎﻧﺲ در ﻫﺮ ﮔـﺮم ﮔــﻞ ﺧﺸــﻚ ﻣــﻲ ﺑﺎﺷــﺪ ﻛــﻪدر ﭘــﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺗــﺮﻳﻦ ﺳــﻄﺢ ﻗــﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ .(3 اﺳﺖ) ﺟﺪول درﺻﺪ ﻛﺎﻣﺎزوﻟﻦ در اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻛﻮدي ﻓﺴﻔﺮه در ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻮد ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ و ﻋﺪم %ﺑﺮ 5 ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻮد ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داري در ﺳﻄﺢ درﺻﺪ ﻛﺎﻣﺎزوﻟﻦ در اﺳﺎﻧﺲ داﺷﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ .در ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ P ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر %ﻛﺎﻣﺎزوﻟﻦ در اﺳﺎﻧﺲ 15/81 ﺑﺎ 1+ P در ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ و ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ %در 12/12 ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ 0ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ .(3 ﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻗﺮار دارد) ﺟﺪول ﺑﺤﺚ زﻣﺎن ﻇﻬﻮر اوﻟﻴﻦ ﻏﻨﭽﻪ و ﮔﻞ ﺑﺎ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ اﺛﺮ ﺧﺎص ﻛﻮدﻫﺎي ﻓﺴـﻔﺮه ﺑـﺮ روي رﺷﺪ زاﻳﺸﻲ و ﺗﺴﺮﻳﻊ در زودرﺳﻲ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑـﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸـﺘﺮ ﻛـﺮت ﻫـﺎي اﻳـﻦ آزﻣـﺎﻳﺶ داراي ﻳﻜـﻲ از ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻫﺎي ﻛﻮد ﻓﺴـﻔﺮه) زﻳﺴـﺘﻲ، ﺷـﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ و ﻳـﺎ ﻫـﺮ دو ( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ و ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ داراي ﻛﻮد ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻓﺴﻔﺮه و ﻛﻮد زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﻓﺴﻔﺮه ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﻧﺘﻮاﻧﺴﺘﻨﺪ در زﻣﺎن ﻇﻬﻮر اوﻟﻴﻦ ﮔـﻞ P و ﻏﻨﭽﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﭘﻴﺸﻲ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻧﺪ .ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ 0ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات در ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﻳﻦ ﺻﻔﺖ ﻓﻨﻮﻟﻮ ژﻳـﻚ را ﺑـﺎ ﻧﺘــﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺪﺳــﺖ آﻣــﺪه از ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘــﺎت اراﺋــﻪ ﺷــﺪه ﺗﻮﺳــﻂ در زﻳﺮه ﺳﺒﺰ ﻛﻪ اﻋﻤﺎل ﺳﻄﻮح (1386) وﻟﺪآﺑﺎدي ﻛـﻮدي ﻓﺴﻔﺮه در ﻫﻤﻪ ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫـﺎ ﺑﺎﻋـﺚ روﻧـﺪ ﻛﺎﻫﺸـﻲ در زﻣـﺎن ﺑﺮاي زﻣﺎن ﮔﻠﺪﻫﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳـﺖ ﻣﻨﻄﺒـﻖ در،داﻧﺴـﺖ ﺑﻴـﺎن ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ در اﻳﻦ آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻓﺴﻔﺮ و ﺗﻠﻘﻴﺢ) ﻛﻮد زﻳﺴﺘﻲ (در زﻣﺎن ﻇﻬﻮر اوﻟـﻴﻦ ﻏﻨﭽـﻪ و ﮔـﻞ ﺑﻘﺪري ﻛﻢ ﺑـﻮده ﻛـﻪ در ﻣﺤﺎﺳـﺒﻪ اﺛـﺮ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑـﻞ ﻣﻌﻨـﻲ دار ﻧﮕﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ . ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﻞ در واﺣﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮔﻞ در ﺑﻮﺗـﻪ ﺑـﺮاي P ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫـﺎي 1+ ﺑـﺎ P و1295/23 ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ 0- ﺑـﺎ 446/2 ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪ ﮔـﻞ ﺑـﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ و ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪ ﮔـﻞ را داﺷـﺘﻪ اﻧـﺪ . دﻟﻴـﻞ ﻧﺘـﺎﻳﺞ ﻓـﻮق را ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻓﺴﻔﺮ ﺳـﻨﺘﺰي ﺑـﺮاي ﺗـﺪاوم ﮔﻠـﺪﻫﻲ در ﮔﻴﺎه و ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﺑﻮدن ﻛﻮد زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﻓﺴـﻔﺮه ﺑـﺮاي ﮔﻴـﺎه ﺑﻴـﺎن ﻧﻤﻮد ﻛـﻮد ﻓﺴـﻔﺮه ﺷـﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻤﺘﺮي در واﺣﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ و در ﺳـﻄﺢ وﺳـﻴﻊ ﺗـﺮ در ﻫﻜﺘـﺎر ﻣﺼﺮف ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ .ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ و ﺗـﺪاوم ﺗﻮﻟﻴـﺪ در ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫــﺎﻳﻲ ﻛــﻪ داراي ﻣﻨﺒــﻊ زﻳﺴــﺘﻲ ﻛــﻮدي ﻫﺴــﺘﻨﺪ از ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫــﺎي ﻓﺎﻗــﺪ ﻛــﻮد زﻳﺴــﺘﻲ ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮ و ﺑــﺎﻻﺗﺮ اﺳــﺖ و ﺑﺎﻻﺧﺮه اﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻛﻮد ﺷـﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ اﮔـﺮ زﻳـﺎد در ﻧﻈـﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد ﻧ ﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ را ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻲ ﺑـﺮد ﺑﻠﻜـﻪ ﻣﻨﺠـﺮ ﺑـﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴـﻞ اﺳـﺘﻘﺮار ﻧﺎﻣﻨﺎﺳـﺐ ﻫﻴـﻒ ﻫـﺎي ﺑﺎﻛﺘﺮي ﺷﺪه و ﺑﺎ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻣﻨﺒـﻊ ﻓﺴـﻔﺮ ،ﺧـﺎك ﮔﻴـﺎه داراي ﻛﻤﺒﻮد اﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻏﺬاﻳﻲ ﺑﺎ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻣـﻲ ﮔـﺮدد . اﻳـﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه در ﻣـﻮرد ﺗﻌـﺪاد ﮔـﻞ Araujo ) ﮔﻴـﺎه ﺳـﻮﻳﺎ et al., 1996(، رﻳﺤـﺎن و ﺷـﻨﺒﻠﻴﻠﻪ (و ﮔﻠﺮﻧـــﮓ Wahab & Larson, 2002) ﺑـــﺮ روي )Singh Dalip (ﻣﻲ et al., 1994 ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻣﻴﺰان اﻓــﺰاﻳﺶ، ﺗﻮﻟﻴــﺪ در اﺛــﺮ ﻛــﺎرﺑﺮد ﻛــﻮد زﻳﺴــﺘﻲ ﻣﺸــﺎﺑﻪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻲ ﭘﻴﺪا ﻛﺮده اﺳﺖ . ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﮔﻞ دﻫﻨﺪه در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ P ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي P و 1+ داراي ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺷﺎﺧﻪ 2+ ﻫﺎي ﮔﻞ دﻫﻨﺪه ﺑﻮده و در ﻳﻚ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ، اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮاي P ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﺳﻄﻮح ﻛﻮدي ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻛﻤﺘﺮ 1+ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﻣﻲ ﮔﺮدد .در ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ اﻳﻦ روﻧﺪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﮔﻔﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻓﻮق ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ اﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻓﺮاوان ﻓﺴﻔﺮ در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﻓﺘﻮﺳﻨﺘﺰي ﮔﻴﺎه ﺑﺮاي ﻫﻴﺪروﻛﺮﺑﻦ ﺳﺎزي و اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از اﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ در اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﺠﺪد ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮدن ﻣﻘﺪار ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي در ﮔﻴﺎه داروﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧﻪ آﻟﻤﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻛﻮدﻫﺎي زﻳﺴﺘﻲ ﺗﺪاوم ﻛﺎراﻳﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده را S/R ﻛﻮد را در ﺧﺎك ﺑﺮاي ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻛﺮده و ﻧﺴﺒﺖ در ﺣﺪ ﻣﻌﻘﻮﻟﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺣﻔﻆ و زﻣﺎن ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي را ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮاي اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻛﻮد ﻓﺮاﻫﻢ ﻣﻲ ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن در ، ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ اﻳﻦ ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎ داراي ﺣﺠﻢ روﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮي ﻧﻴﺰ ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﻮد . Rajan ﺑﺮ روي ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﺎو ﭼﺸﻢ و (1999) Bullock 1982) و (در ﻣﻮرد ﺣﺠﻢ ﺑﻮﺗﻪ 1983 اي و رﺷﺪ ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ رﺳﻴﺪﻧﺪ . وزن ﺗﺮ و وزن ﺧﺸﻚ ﮔﻞ در واﺣﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻓﻮق ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻴﺎن ﻧﻤﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻧﺸﺪن ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻓﺴﻔﺮ و ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ و زﻳﺴﺘﻲ اﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ، ﮔﻴﺎه ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺖ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪ و ﻛﺎﻓﻲ از ﻓﺴﻔﺮ در ﻛﺮت P ﻫﺎي ﻛﺮده و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﭼﻴﻦ 1+ ﻫﺎي اﻳﻦ ﻛﺮت ﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺮت ﻫﺎي دﻳﮕﺮ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﻪ اي ﭘﻴﺪا ﻛﻨﺪ و وزن ﺗﺮ ﮔﻞ در اﻳﻦ ﻛﺮت ﻫﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺑﻴﺎﺑﺪ .ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑ ﻪدﻟﻴﻞ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻛﻮد ﻓﺴﻔﺮه ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ زﻳﺴﺘﻲ در ﻛﺮت P ﻫﺎي و ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ 1+ ﻛﻪ وزن ﺧﺸﻚ ﮔﻞ ﺗﺎﺑﻌﻲ از وزن ﺗﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﭘﺲ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﻛﻪ روﻧﺪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺸﻲ در ﻣﻮرد وزن ﺧﺸﻚ ﮔﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ وزن ﺗﺮ ﮔﻞ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﭘﻴﺶ P ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﺑﻮده و ﺳﻄﻮح ﻛﻮدي 1+ داراي ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ اﻓﺰاﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﺮ وزن ﮔﻞ) ﺗﺮ، ﺧﺸﻚ ( ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .اﻳﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ Franke و Wahab و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ (2005) Schilcher Larson و (در ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧﻪ روﻣﻲ ﻣﻲ 2002) ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ﻣﻘﺪار اﺳﺎﻧﺲ در واﺣﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﺆﻳﺪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ از ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪات ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﻓﺘﻮﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ و P ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺣﺠﻢ روﻳﺸﻲ در ﺗﻴﻤﺎر داراي 1+ ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺑﻮده و ﺳﺒﺰﻳﻨﮕﻲ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن داراي ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻛﻮدي ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﺑﻪ دﻟﻴﻞ ﻓﺮاﻫﻤﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ و ﻣﺘﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻓﺴﻔﺮ در ﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎي دﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴﺖ ﻫﺎي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ در اﻳﻦ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن ﺑﺎﻻ رﻓﺘﻪ و ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪي اﺳﺎﻧﺲ را ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮد اﺧﺘﺼﺎص ﻣﻲ Praszna دﻫﻨﺪ، اﻳﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ در راﺳﺘﺎي ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ Bernath و (ﺑﺮ روي ﻧﻌﻨﺎع 1993) (ﺑﺮ روي زﻳﺮه 1386) و وﻟﺪآﺑﺎدي ﺳﺒﺰ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . درﺻﺪ ﻛﺎﻣﺎزوﻟﻦ در اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻛﺮت ﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﻳﺸـﻲ ﻣﺸـﺨﺺ ﮔﺮدﻳـﺪ ﻛـﻪ P ﺗﻴﻤﺎر 1+ ﺑـﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴـﺰان ﻛﺎﻣـﺎزوﻟﻦ) ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴـﻴﻦ (را در اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﻫﺎي ﻛﺮت ﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ دﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آورده اﺳﺖ . اﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺑﺪﻳﻬﻲ اﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ) P ﻋﻨﺼـﺮ ﻓﺴـﻔﺮ (در ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ﺷـﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﺎﻣـﺎزوﻟﻦ وﺟـﻮد ،ﻧـﺪارد اﻳـﻦ ﻋﻨﺼـﺮ ﻧﻤﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻛﺎﻣﺎزوﻟﻦ را ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ در اﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲ ، داﺧﻞ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ دﻫﺪ رﺳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻓﺴـﻔﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ اﻓﺰاﻳﺸﻲ ﻳـﺎ ﻛﺎﻫﺸـﻲ در ﺑﺮﺧـﻲ از واﻛـﻨﺶ ﻫـﺎي ﺷﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ) واﻛﻨﺶ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ، ﻫﺎي ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻲ ﻣﺘﺎﺑﻮﻟﻴـﺖ ﻫـﺎي ﺛﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ (ﻛﻪ ﻫﻨﻮز ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺘﻪ ﻧﺸـﺪه اﻧـﺪ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧـﺪ Praszna ) ﻣﻘﺪار اﻳﻦ ﻣﺎده را در داﺧﻞ ﮔﻴﺎه اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ دﻫﺪ & Bernath, 1993 ؛ ﻓﻴﻠـﻲ .(1384 ، زاده اﻟﺒﺘـﻪ در ﻣــﻮرد ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ اﻳﻦ روﻧـﺪ در ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧـﻪ، ﺑـﻪ آزﻣﺎﻳﺸـﻬﺎي ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮي ﻧﻴﺎز ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ . ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﻴﺮي ﻛﻠﻲ در ﺑﻴﺎن ﻛﻠﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﮔﻔﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺣﻀـﻮر ﻣـﺪوام ﻋﻨﺎﺻـﺮ ﻏﺬاﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ در ﻓﺮاﻳﻨﺪﻫﺎي زاﻳﺸﻲ ﮔﻴﺎه ﻧﻘـﺶ ﻛﻠﻴـﺪي دارﻧـﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﻓﺴﻔﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﮔﻴﺎه داروﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﺑﻮﻧﻪ آﻟﻤـﺎﻧﻲ را ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻮﺟﻬﻲ ﭼﻪ از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻛﻤﻲ) وزن ﺧﺸﻚ ﮔﻞ در واﺣﺪ ﺳﻄﺢ (و ﭼﻪ از ﻧﻈـﺮ ﻛﻴﻔـﻲ) ﻣﻘـﺪار اﺳـﺎﻧﺲ ﮔـﻞ و درﺻﺪ ﻣﺎده ﻣﺆﺛﺮه اﺳﺎﻧﺲ (اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻗﺎﺑـﻞ ﻣﻼﺣﻈـﻪ اي دﻫـﺪ، درﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات در اﻳﻦ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ در ﺣﻀﻮر ﻛﻮد زﻳﺴـﺘﻲ ﻓﺴﻔﺮه ﭼﺸﻤﮕﻴﺮﺗﺮ و داراي ﻣﺸﺨﺼﺎت ﻋﻤﻠﻜـﺮدي ﺑﻬﺘـﺮي ﻣﻲ اﻳﻦ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪﻳﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻔﺎوت ، ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻗﺎﺑـﻞ ﺗـﻮﺟﻬﻲ را در ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺛﺮﻫﺎي ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﻛﻮدﻫـﺎي ﺷـﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ و زﻳﺴـﺘﻲ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ؛ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮري ﻛـﻪ ﮔﻴـﺎه ﻳـﻚ ﻋﻤﻠﻜـﺮد ﻣﻨﺎﺳـﺐ و ﺑﺪون ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﺳﻴﻨﻮﺳﻲ را در ﺣﻀﻮر ﻛـﻮد زﻳﺴـﺘﻲ ﻧﺸـﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ .اﻳﻦ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻀﻮر ﻣﺪاوم ﻋﻨﺼـﺮ ﻓﺴـﻔﺮ در ﻛــﺮت ﻫــﺎي داراي ﻣﻨﺒــﻊ ﻛــﻮد زﻳﺴــﺘﻲ داراي ارﺗﺒــﺎط ﺗﻨﮕﺎﺗﻨﮕﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ .در ﻛﻞ ﻛـﻮد زﻳﺴـﺘﻲ ﻓﺴـﻔﺮه ﺑـﺮاي ﺗـﺪاوم ﺣﻀﻮر اﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ در ﮔﻴﺎه و ﻛﻮدﻫـﺎي ﺳـﻨﺘﺰي) ﺷـﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ( ﺑﺮاي آﻏﺎز ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎت ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ و ﺟﺒـﺮان ﻣﻨﺒـﻊ ﻛـﻮدي در ﺧـﺎك ﺑﻪ، داراي اﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺧﺎص ﺧﻮد ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻃـﻮري ﻛـﻪ در اﻳـﻦ P ﺗﺤﻘﻴــﻖ ﮔــﺮم ﻛــﻮد زﻳﺴــﺘﻲ ﻓﺴــﻔﺮه و 100 ) ﻣﻴــﺰان 1+ ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻛﻮد 40 ﺷـﻴﻤﻴﺎﻳﻲ ﻓﺴـﻔﺮه ﺧـﺎﻟﺺ در ﻫﻜﺘـﺎر (در ﮔﻴﺎه ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻛﻤﻲ و ﻛﻴﻔﻲ را ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎر آورد .
منبع : جهاد کشاورزی
کود مناسب رشد و عناصر ریز مغذی ( میکرو ) مشخصات کود های میکرو یکی از صدها خدمات مجموعه ی بزرگ پارادایس تهیه و بسته بندی بهترین نوع کودهای میکرو می باشد ، که تهیه نمودن آن برای شما دوستان عزیز به علت سنگین بودن وزن بسته های آن (25 کیلوگرم ) هزینه بر و گاهی اوقات غیرممکن است . میکرو المنت ها یا عناصر یا عناصر کم مصرف ( ریز مغذی ها ) مانند : آهن ، روی ، منگنز ، مس ، بور ، مولیبدن و کلر گیاهان مختلف برحسب نیاز و با توجه به نتایج آزمایشات خاک و برگ به کود های فوق نیازمند خواهند بود . ادامه مطالب کلیک کنید . جایگاه میکروالمنت در تولیدات کشاورزی : با وجود این که گیاهان به شکل واضحی به کود های ماکروالمنت ها نیازمندند ، اما کودهای میکروالمنت یا ریز مغذی ها علی رغم نیاز کم گیاهان جایگاه ویژه ای در تولیدات کشاورزی دارند لذا از آنها به عناصر خرد با تاثیرات مکان یاد میشود.
کود مناسب رشد و عناصر درشت مغذی ( ماکرو ) مشخصات کود های ماکرو در این قسمت از بانک اطلاعاتی مجموعه ی پارادایس نظر شما را به توضیحاتی هر چند مختصر توسط متخصصان این مجموعه در رشته ی کشاورزی و کود شناسی در رابطه با کود های ماکرو بستته بندی شده توسط این مجموعه جلب می نماییم . معرفی عناصر کود ماکرو : کودهای ماکرو موضوع بحث ما را تشکیل می دهند این کودها از مجموع سه عنصر : ازت ، فسفر و پتاسیم به نسبت های مختلف و متناسب با زمانبندی رشد و باروری گیاه تشکیل میشود .
حال برای درک هرچه بیشتر تاثیر این کودها نظر شما را به تاثیر هر یک از این عناصر به تنهایی بر روی گیاهان و درختان جلب می نماییم : جهت مطالعه ادامه مطالب کلیک کنید .
کود مناسب تقویت محصول و گلدهی ( پتاس بالا )
تغذیه گیاهان شامل چندین مرحله می باشد، مرحله رویشی ، نمو و گلدهی، گیاهان برای رشد به ازت برای ریشه دهی و شروع سوخت و ساز و پتاسیم مسئول خیلی از وقایع فیزیولوژیک گیاه می باشد. گیاهی که وارد فاز گلدهی نمی شود، به خاطر رشد رویشی ناشی از مصرف کود ازته یا ضعف عمومی گیاه می باشد. فاز رویشی ناشی از استفاده از ازت باعث آبدار شدن بافت گیاه شده و نسبت C/N را کمتر یا به زبان ساده پوست به گوشت را بیشتر میکند، و همین عامل باعث می شود گیاه شما بزرگ و قوی شده ولی به شما گل نمی دهد ! با دادن کودهای گلدهی میزان گوشت را بیشتر کرده و از شیره گیاهی کاسته می شود. همین امر موجب افزایش گلدهی در همه گیاهان می شود. برای افزایش کیفیت گلها باید هنگام اتمام عمر گل ، غنچه های خشک شده رو از ته بچینید ، تا انرژی گل روی تولید بذر متمرکز نشود ! همینطور برای افزایش کیفیت گلدهی باید از مکمل های غذایی استفاده نمود ، از آنجایی که جذب مواد غذایی و کودهای شیمیایی تابع اسیدیته ی خاک می باشد و درصورت بالاتر رفتن اسیدیته خاک از 7 ، برخی از مواد غذایی قابلیت جذب خود را از دست می دهند جهت کسب اطلاعات بیشتر و طرح سوال کلیک کنید .
جهت خرید انواع محصولات کشاورزی اعم از کود ، سم و اقلام کلیک کنید .
جهت بازدید از ویدئو های آموزش کشاورزی رایگان کلیک کنید .